Gender and Language Summarizing K. M. McCormick

Based on McCormick explanation about Gender and Language the differences of language usage between male and female is not caused by the biological sex, because there is no relationship between sexes and language usages. It relates to something is called gender. Gender is a social and psychology category about male and female, how the way they should speak, speech, and behaves. It can be seeing from the historical perspective view about the relationship between language and gender that tends to judge where right and wrong is and other to describe both point of views and can be found from text written and the behavior in a sociality’s group. Then there are three points of view about research in Anthropology, sociology, psychology, sociolinguistic and discourse analysis in twentieth century, the first the contemporary societies give verbal expression about men and women perception in language attitudes, secondly describe the way the speaker based on the sex, and the last cause and effect they were described. In the late twentieth the work in language is the broader framework where there is a societal power that manages the speaking right whose granting and withholding to speak because there is a theory about voice whose heard will be representative and considered truthful while voice whose unheard will lose the speaking right because of their silence. It is supported in all societies, there is some individual or group have greater speaking right than other and a man is considered as the powerful in speaking right than women.
In this article McCormick gave some detail about gender distinction in using language. Economic, social activity and education are the influence of the distribution of role, ascription and achievement of status in all societies’ gender. In Rochefort’s study, he describes about arawak women who taught her daughter by her language, while her son prefers to use his father’s language. It showed different education in language even interfamily. Then in Bilingualism, Societal there is the differences in economic opportunity between men and women where if the women sell their wares the women should learn a language of wider use than are the men. In the seventeenth-century apart of Mongolia and South Africa there is a forbidden for women it’s called Taboo that is the women may not use or mention their husband names or the relative of their husband if it saw from social activity. According to Nichols 1983 in the earlier years women illiterate while men were not, if it saw in education. In other research, Labov and Trudgill has similar study about class stratification that is women language tends very refined than men, it showed the women status is high. Then for men, in Britain the pronunciation is associated with competence and intelligence qualities. The working class is considered have high value such as in humor and sincerity, and has masculine and toughness.